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Standard battery nomenclature describes portable dry cell batteries that have physical dimensions and electrical characteristics interchangeable between manufacturers. The long history of disposable dry cells means that many different manufacturer-specific and national standards were used to designate sizes, long before international standards were reached. Technical standards for battery sizes and types are set by standards organizations such as International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Popular sizes are still referred to by old standard or manufacturer designations, and some non-systematic designations have been included in current international standards due to wide use. The complete nomenclature for the battery will fully specify the size, chemistry, terminal arrangements and special characteristics of a battery. The same physically interchangeable cell size may have widely different characteristics; physical interchangeability is not the sole factor in substitution of batteries. National standards for dry cell batteries have been developed by ANSI, JIS, British national standards, and others. Civilian, commercial, government and military standards all exist. Two of the most prevalent standards currently in use are the IEC 60086 series and the ANSI C18.1 series. Both standards give dimensions, standard performance characteristics, and safety information. Modern standards contain both systematic names for cell types that give information on the composition and approximate size of the cells, as well as arbitrary numeric codes for cell size. ==History of the IEC standard== The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) was established in 1906 and co-ordinates development of standards for a wide range of electrical products. The IEC maintains two committees, TC21 established in 1933 for rechargeable batteries, and TC35 established in 1948 for primary batteries, to develop standards.〔http://www.iec.ch/about/history/techline/ retrieved 12 January 2010〕 The current designation system was adopted in 1992. Battery types are designated with a letter/number sequence indicating number of cells, cell chemistry, cell shape, dimensions, and special characteristics. Certain cell designations from earlier revisions of the standard have been retained.〔David Linden, Thomas B. Reddy (ed). ''Handbook Of Batteries 3rd Edition'', McGraw-Hill, New York, 2002 ISBN 0-07-135978-8 chapter 4〕 The first IEC standards for battery sizes were issued in 1957.〔M. Barak '' Electrochemical power sources: primary and secondary batteries'', IET, 1980 ISBN 0-906048-26-5, page 51〕 Since 1992, International standard IEC 60086 defines an alphanumeric coding system for batteries.〔〔Thomas Roy Crompton, ''Battery reference book'',Newnes, 2000 ISBN 0-7506-4625-X, Appendix 2〕 British standard 397 for primary batteries was withdrawn and replaced by the IEC standard in 1996.〔(British Standards )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Battery nomenclature」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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